engleski

Sustainable Green Extraction of Bioactive Components from Salvia

Salvia is the largest genus of the family Lamiaceae, which consists of around 900 species widely cultivated in many countries. Those species have been used in traditional and folk medicine due to their various biological and pharmacological activities, as well as in the culinary industry. Most of the plants of this genus are known for their composition of biologically active components such as monoterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, sesquiterpenoids, sesterterpenoids, steroids, and polyphenols, of which 160 are identified. Some of these compounds are genus specific and contribute to the overall therapeutic effect of the plant. Their concentration varies depending on the species, part of the plant, seasonal and geographical variations. These bioactive components can be isolated using different extraction techniques, including innovative green extraction methods, that were developed to overcome the deficiencies of the classical ones, offering a safer alternative to the toxic solvents, thus ensuring the environmental protection and sustainability of the process. The selectivity of the extraction method towards desired compounds can be tuned by the process parameters ; therefore, in order to obtain the highest concentration of selected bioactive components in the extracts, not only the extraction method, but the process parameters as well, play a crucial role. The diversity of the plant extracts influenced by the plant species itself offers a great opportunity for the sustainable drug development, influencing their pharmacological activity, which, for Salvia genus, is often described in the context of neurodegenerative diseases and various carcinomas. The focus of this chapter will be on the application of the green extraction methods for the isolation of the most active compounds of Salvia genus. Composition of the different Salvia species will be reviewed in the context of application and comparison of different extraction techniques.

Salvia ; bioactive compounds ; extraction techniques ; isolation

Chapter 4, Sustainable green extraction of bioactive compound from Salvia, prepared by Jakovljević et al., discusses the importance of finding an adequate solvent and method for extraction of desired bioactive components while maintaining the environmentally friendly nature of the process.