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Volunteering or Socially Useful Work: an Example of Actions to Protect the Human Environment in Socialist Croatia in the 1970s and 1980s

Although volunteering in the classical sense - as the voluntary activity of an individual or, for that purpose of the traditional societies, in the socialist social spheres did not exist, it took place through different forms. In socialism volunteer activities were called socially-useful work, and they were implemented through directives through so-called socio- political organizations. The Socialist Alliance of the Working People of Yugoslavia (SAWPY) was such an umbrella organization that operated under the supervision of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, and following democratic centralism, each of the republics of Yugoslavia had its alliance - and so did Croatia. Within SAWP of Croatia (SAWPC) acted as collective members other organizations - among others the Alliance of Socialist Youth of Croatia, Alliance of Pioneers, Scouts Alliance and others. Through its various sections, SAWPC has been active in all areas of the social life of the time, and its activity in the field of ecology and environmental protection is essential for this topic. In July 1975, within the SAWPC, a Council for the Protection and Promotion of Human Environment and Physical Planning (CPPHIPP) was established, which organized actions in the field of ecology and environmental protection. These actions, depending on the character of a particular one, were, according to the SAWPC and the CPPHIPP, involved various structures of the population through social organizations - pioneer's, youth, scouting, hiking, hunting, societies "Gorani" and "Young Nature Guardians" as well as broader population groups in communities of municipalities, municipalities, local communities, primary and secondary schools and in workplaces. Some of these volunteer actions were the action "Nature - Health - Beauty", a landscaping action and one of the most massive, conceived as a memorial action on the death of Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito - "88 trees for the comrade Tito". Numerous and diverse organizations have participated in this action through voluntary work in Croatia, where the activity of political character was associated with the need for greening the environment. Volunteer actions in the 1970s and 1980s differed from the voluntary youth actions launched in 1945, as they lost their original character of hard work on the rejuvenation and industrialization of the country. That's why I don't look at them in this paper but try to show how volunteer work has been transformed over the years. Actions on the protection of the human environment were connected with 5 June - World Day of the Environment. Volunteer work was mostly carried out by the youth through schools, youth organizations, and data about it were collected and processed.

Volunteering ; Socially Useful Work ; Environmental Actions ; Socialism ; Croatia ; 1970 ; 1980s

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