engleski

Annual effective dose of caesium (137Cs, 134Cs) intake by bear meat and entrails in Croatia.

Status of radioactivity of environmental samples in Croatia has been monitored since 1959. In this preliminary study we analysed tissues collected from 5 brown bears in 2014. Activity concentration (AC) of 137Cs and 134Cs were measured and contribution to annual effective radiation dose (AERD) by ingestion of caesium was assessed. 134Cs appeared in the environment after Fukushima accident in March 2011. Average AC of 137Cs in brown bear meat were 9.9 ± 4.6 Bqkg-1 and of 134Cs 0.19 ± 0.08 Bqkg-1. Mean values for 137Cs for entrails were 3.8 ± 1.2 Bqkg-1 in liver, 2.3 ± 2.1 Bqkg-1 in spleen, 2.2 ± 1.1 Bqkg-1 in heart muscle and kidney and 1.3 ± 1.3 Bqkg-1 in lungs ; for 134Cs were 0.16 ± 0.07 Bqkg-1 in kidneys, 0.13 ± 0.07 Bqkg-1 in lungs, 0.10 ± 0.07 Bqkg-1 in heart muscle and 0.01 ± 0.01 Bqkg-1 in liver and spleen. The doses measured pose no threat to the bear as an individual or to the bear population. An estimation of effective dose by game meat and entrails ingestion was made for an adult person in Croatia: assumption was that all ingested game meat and entrails were originated from bear. Annual effective dose for intake of 137Cs with bear meat was assessed as 38 nSv and for entrails 31 nSv ; and for intake of 134Cs 0, 5 nSv for meat and 1, 6 nSv for entrails. Different life styles and consumers nutritional habits contribute to varieties in assessment of effective doses, especially for hunters as critical population. For exposure evaluation we used data for game meat consumption in Croatia from studies of Croatian Food Agency. Adult person (77.36 kg) consumes on daily basis in average 36.55 g (0.32-320 g) of game meat. Large span of game meat consumption gives large span in estimation of each radionuclide's intakes contribution in AERD: for average annual meat consumption of 13.3 kg (0.1-116.9 kg) AERD for 137Cs was 1.709 µSv (0.015-14.966 µSv) and for 134Cs 22.3 nSv (0.2-195 nSv). For comparison, average meat (chicken, pork, beef, sheep) with average annual intake of 90 kg contributes 141, 5 nSv to AERD. This study is attempt to show importance and need for individualization of dose assessment calculations and groceries control conducted on global level based on nutritional habits of average adult consumer and activity concentration of certain radionuclides on local level.

Brown bear, caesium, radioactivity.

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