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Potential distribution of medicinal and honey plant species of the genus Satureja L. (Lamiaceae) in Croatia

Satureja (savory) is a plant genus that includes about 30 species, and in Croatia it is mainly used as medicinal and honey plant, especially: winter savory (S. montana L.), mountain savory (S. subspicata Vis.) and wild savory (S. cuneifolia Ten.). Due to the high potential of genus Satureja, a model of potential distribution in Croatia was made using the maximum entropy method based on 12 climatic variables in raster form with pixel values at 1x1 km resolution. Species distribution data were determined by field research conducted during the growing seasons 2018 and 2019, and data from the Flora Croatica Database (FCD) were also used. Each point of species presence is assigned a pixel value of each climate variable from the WorldClim database. The greatest influence on habitat suitability, in the formation of models for S. subspicata, had the following variables: precipitation of the coldest quarter (Bio19 with 45.5%), seasonal temperature (Bio4 with 21.3%) and annual temperature range(Bio7 with 12.3%). The model shows the highest potential distribution (values 0.77 - 0.85 on a scale of 0 to 1) in the Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean parts of Croatia, namely in the area of Ćićarija, Velika and Mala Kapela, Velebit, Plješevica, Dinara and Biokovo. Considering the ecology of the genus Satureja, in the selection of variables for the development of habitat suitability models for S. montana and S. cuneifolia species, the variable of habitat geomorphology will be included for the whole area of species distribution.

ecological niche, maximum entropy, Satureja, medicinal plants, Croatia

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