hrvatski

Trideset godina suvremenoga hrvatskog parlamentarizma

Hrvatski sabor, predstavničko tijelo građana i nositelj zakonodavne vlasti na području Republike Hrvatske, imao je uzbudljivu i burnu prošlost i jedna je od ključnih institucija koje predstavljaju samosvojnost i državnost hrvatskoga naroda. Godine 2020. Sabor slavi svojih prvih 30 godina djelovanja u višestranačkoj demokraciji. U članku je dan osvrt na uvođenje demokratskoga parlamentarizma u RH i povijest prvih triju desetljeća rada višestranačkoga Sabora. Prikazan je turbulentni početak višestranačja koji se događao u atmosferi raspada SFRJ i rata za neovisnost, Domovinskoga rata. Unatoč nepovoljnim ratnim i tranzicijskim prilikama, hrvatska demokracija i parlamentarizam razvijali su se i na ustavnoj, zakonodavnoj, političkoj, ali i društvenoj razini težeći prema demokratskim standardima zapadnoga svijeta, procjenjuje autor priloga povjesničar s Hrvatskoga instituta za povijest dr. sc. Josip Mihaljević. Prikazane su i organizacijske promjene koje je Sabor doživljavao. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na prikaz razvoja građanskih i demokratskih praksi, europskih integracija te sudjelovanje hrvatskog iseljeništva u hrvatskome parlamentarizmu. - Croatian Parliament, the representative body of the citizenry and the seat of legislative power, has a fascinating and turbulent history and is one of the critical institutions embodying the sovereignty of the Croatian people. In 2020 our parliament, the Sabor, is celebrating its first thirty years in a multiparty democracy. This article looks at the process of introducing democratic parliamentarism and the first thirty years of a multiparty parliament. It relates the turbulent first phase of the new system against the backdrop of a disintegrating socialist and federal Yugoslavia and the struggle for independence resolved in the course of the Homeland War. In spite of the unfavourable wartime and transition circumstances, democracy and parliamentarism in Croatia have developed in constitutional, legislative, political and societal terms that speak of an aspiration towards Western democratic standards. The article discusses the organisational reforms Parliament has undertaken and describes the most significant political and societal events and changes in which parliament played a critical role. A particular focus is placed on the development of civil and democratic practices, European integration processes, and the participation of our diaspora communities in parliamentary life. Croatians with a wealth of experience from life in Western parliamentary democracies have played a role in introducing parliamentarism in the homeland. 1989 saw the culmination of the Yugoslav political crisis. The first multiparty elections were called in early February of 1990, with voting held in two rounds: 22 and 23 April, and 6 and 7 May. The new Parliament of the then still Socialist Republic of Croatia was convened on 30 May. It elected Žarko Domljan as Speaker of Parliament and by 22 December had adopted a new Constitution. It laid the groundwork under which Croatia was returned to the Western European fold. On 1 July 2013 Croatia acceded to full European Union membership and there are now twelve Croatian MEPs in European Parliament. Croatia is now a safe and open country with stable constitutional institutions, a relatively well-developed democratic culture, political and media freedoms and an ever-stronger civil society sector in which national, religious, minority and all other human rights are respected.

Hrvatski sabor ; Republika Hrvatska ; parlamentarizam ; višestranački izbori ; demokracija ; euroatlanske integracije ; Europska unija

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