engleski

A Policy Oriented Search for Basic European Values

The primary problem of the paper can be formulated by the following question: how can one establish – in the sense of recognizing and/or creating – basic values of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter: ECHR, Convention)? The answer is encapsulated in two claims. The first is that basic values of the ECHR can be established more fruitfully by policy oriented jurisprudence as adapted to Civil Law than by conventional Civil Law scholarship. The second is that under both past and foreseeable conditions one cannot establish distinctly European basic values of the ECHR other than values of the ECHR itself. The secondary problem is a common misunderstanding of Harold D. Lasswell and Myres S. McDougal’s policy oriented jurisprudence or configurative jurisprudence (hereinafter: POJ). The appraisal of POJ is wanting in three respects. First, although applicaton of law inevitably involves creation, conventional Civil Law scholarship is concerned primarily with application of law. Hence POJ, which is focused upon law-making, should be prima facie relevant even if it required simplification, and its wider framework, that is, Lasswell’s policy sciences, were obsolete. Secondly, POJ could not have become a communicable doctrine since in its heyday in the 1960s and 1970s it was applied on the basis of fragments of a theory and when the fragments were finally published together in the 1990s Lasswell and McDougal had no students that could apply it or adapt it for application. Thirdly, the disappearance of POJ is explicable also by a change of academic culture. Sinopsis: V tem prispevku se avtor najprej sooči s problemom, kako je mogoče dognati (prepoznati, tudi ustvariti) temeljne vrednote Evropske konvencije človekovih pravic (v nadaljevanju: EKČP, Konvencija). Njegov odgovor je zajet v dveh trditvah. Prvič, temeljne vrednote EKČP je mogoče bolj učinkovito dognati s pomočjo politično usmerjenega (policy oriented) pravoslovja prilagojenega kontinentalnemu (Civil Law) pravu, kot pa s tradicionalnim kontinentalnim pravoslovjem. Drugič, na podlagi preteklih in predvidljivih pogojev ni mogoče dognati drugačnih izključno evropskih temeljnih vrednot EKČP kot zgolj vrednot EKČP same. Drugi problem predstavlja splošno nerazumevanje politično usmerjenega oziroma konfigurativnega pravoslovja (v nadaljevanju: PUP) Harolda D. Lasswella in Myresa S. McDougala. Ocene PUP so pomanjkljive v treh ozirih. Prvič, kontinentalno pravoslovje se, ne glede na dejstvo, da uporaba prava neizbežno obsega tudi njegovo ustvarjanje, prvenstveno ukvarja z uporabo prava. Zato bi PUP, ki se osredotoča na pravodavstvo, vsaj na prvi pogled moral predstavljati koristen pristop – četudi bi ga bilo potrebno potrebno poenostaviti in četudi je njegov širši okvir, tj. Lasswellova politična znanost, zastarel. Drugič, PUP ni nikoli postala uspešna doktrina, saj je že v času svojega razcveta v 1960. in 1970. letih temeljil zgolj na fragmentih teorije – ko pa je bila v 1990. letih dokončana, njena avtorja nista imela več študentov, ki bi jo lahko aplicirali oziroma prilagodili za uporabo. Tretjič, izginotje PUP je mogoče razložiti tudi s spremembami v akademski kulturi.

European Convention of Human Rights ; basic values ; policy oriented jurisprudence

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