hrvatski

Prednosti arbitražnog rješavanja sporova u rimskom pravu

Arbitraža u rimskom pravu imala je određene očigledne prednosti nad rješavanjem spora u parnici. One su dobro dokumentirane u svim vrstama rimskih pravnih izvora, ali kao i čitava arbitraža – za razliku od drugih instituta privatnog prava – nisu privukle znatniju pažnju romanistike. Procjena o prednostima i rizicima upuštanja u arbitražni način rješavanja sporova u odnosu na sudski postupak u rimskom pravu je umnogome ovisila o konkretnom sporu, strankama i mjestu gdje je spor nastao. Premda shvaćanja o prednostima arbitraže imaju svoje temelje u kazuistici, ona upućuju na opće trendove u rimskom pravu okvirima kojih se zbog njegovih izraženih prednosti dio sporova promišljeno prepuštao arbitražnom rješavanju, a ne sudskome rješavanju. U ovome članku analiziraju se prednosti arbitraže u rimskom pravu koje su uvjetovale to da se ona ne može okvalificirati kao alternativa suđenju, nego kao jedan drugačiji način rješavanja sporova koji je postojao i razvijao se usporedo sa sudskim postupkom. / Arbitration in Roman law had specific and most evident advantages over settling disputes in court procedures. These advantages are well recorded in all types of Roman legal sources, although, as it is the case with the Roman arbitration as a whole, they never received adequate attention of the scholars who studied Roman law. A decision whether to go to arbitration and expose oneself to all benefits and risks of such procedure, or eventually to resort to the court proceedings, substantially depended on the case at hand, the parties to the dispute and on the place in which the particular dispute arose. Perceptions related to advantages of arbitration in Roman law were firmly grounded in the from case to case considerations, though they simultaneously suggest the existence of some general trends in Roman law for which settling disputes was often left to arbitration rather than to court’s ruling. The author of the paper at hand analyses the benefits of arranging arbitration for resolution of a particular dispute which leads to its qualification not as an alternative to going to court, but rather as a substantially different means of settling disputes which existed and was developed simultaneously with the court proceedings.

arbitraža, rimsko pravo, rizik, sudski postupak, formula, arbitrium, arbitratus

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