engleski

The relationship between inequality and radicalization - insights based on syntheses of existing empirical studies

Inequality, which represents the objectively unequal, or subjectively perceived, unjust distribution of valued outcomes, resources, power, chances or the gaps in access to opportunities, is one of the most frequently perceived and theorised drivers of radicalisation. However, existing findings of empirical studies about inequality radicalisation link, as well as those of previous synthesis work, are inconclusive and still do not enable valid and reliable answers on questions such as Is inequality associated with radicalization? If so, how (positively or negatively), when, where and how this association can be explained? To find more reliable answers on these questions, two synthesis of previous empirical work were conducted within the DARE project: a systematic review of quantitative (and mixed method) research (Franc, Pavlović, 2018) and meta- ethnographic synthesis of qualitative (and mixed method) research (Poli, Arun, 2019) on the relationship between inequality and radicalization. Literature search for both tasks was focused on original empirical studies published as journal articles, books/book chapters or reports between 2001 to 2017 in English language and encompassed seven electronic databases search, hand searching of journals not indexed in databases, grey literature search and cross-referencing. The findings of systematic review based on 141 quantitative studies indicates an inconsistent and complex relationship between inequality and radicalization. On general level the review findings suggested that the socio-political inequality, especially in terms of human rights abuse and repression at a macro level, or perceived social inequality at an individual level, is more consistently related to terrorism/radicalization than economic inequality. The findings of the systematic review will be compared with complementary and additional findings of meta-ethnographic synthesis of findings from 94 qualitative studies about inequality – radicalization relationship. Insights from both reviews will be discussed in the context of possible recommendations for policy and decision makers as well as future radicalization studies.

economic inequality, socio-political inequality, cognitive radicalisation, perceived inequality, perceived injustice, quantitative findings, qualitative findings

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