engleski

Cranial deformation and genetic diversity in three adolescent male individuals from the Great Migration Period from Osijek, eastern Croatia

Three individuals dating to the Great Migration Period (5th century CE) were discovered in a pit at the Hermanov vinograd site in Osijek, Croatia. We were inspired to study these individuals based on their unusual burial context as well as the identification of two different types of artificial cranial deformation in two of the individuals. We combine bioarchaeological analysis with radiographic imaging, stable isotopes analysis, and ancient DNA to analyze their molecular sex and genetic affinities in the context of the archaeological data and their bioarchaeological attributes. All three individuals were adolescent males with skeletal evidence of severe malnutrition and similar diets, which nonetheless had major differences in their genetic ancestry. Results of the genetic analyses of the nuclear ancient DNA data for these individuals and extensive genomic dataset of Early Medieval and modern-day Eurasians indicate that the individual without artificial cranial deformation shows broadly West Eurasian associated-ancestry, the individual with tabular oblique-type was of East Asian ancestry and the third individual with circular erect-type was of Near Eastern associated- ancestry. Based on these results, we speculate that artificial cranial deformation type may have been a visual indicator membership in a specific cultural group, and that these groups were interacting intimately on the Pannonian Plain during this period.

Migration Period ; Osijek ; cranial deformation ; aDNA

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