engleski

Intracontinental and intercontinental characteristics and differences between junior and senior gymnasts

The rules (Code of Points – CoP), prescribed by the Technical Committee of the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG), by which gymnasts compete, are changing constantly. One of the biggest changes happened in 2004 when so called "open ended score" was introduced in gymnastics. From this year the total score of each apparatus is obtained by summing the difficulty score (DS evaluates routine contents: difficulty, special requirements and bonus points) and execution score (ES evaluates routine presentation). Artistic gymnastics is a sport very spread around the world. In 2014 FIG was gathering 141 national federations, whose junior and senior members, depending on geographical position of federation, compete on different Continental Championships and Games. Through the analysis of difficulty scores (DS), execution scores (ES) and total score of each apparatus (TOTAL), the main aims of the study were to determine trend, characteristics and differences between elite female junior and senior gymnasts on different continental competitions and between different junior continental competitions that have been held from 2009-2012. The sample consisted of all junior and senior gymnasts that competed in C-IV competitions (apparatus finals) on all European Championships, Pan-American Championships, Asian Games and Australian Championships that were held from 2009 – 2012. ANOVA post hoc Tukey HSD for unequal N test was used to determine differences. The study established significant differences between junior and senior gymnasts, in almost all the analyzed scores on all continental competitions, and significant differences between some continental competitions. Such results confirmed the following: 1) junior gymnasts probably apply/respect “easier dismount rule” ; 2) there is a similarity and/or difference between learning processes on different continents ; 3) longer learning process plays a significant role on gymnasts’ performance.

women artistic gymnastics, top level, ANOVA

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