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Austro-Hungarian Dualism and Croatian 19th-century Architecture – Politics and Design

Public architecture in Croatia in the second half of the 19th century reflected the political position of this province within the Habsburg/Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. During the neoabsolutist period, from 1848/49 Revolution to the 1867 Austro-Hungarian Compromise, almost all monumental public building projects were built according to the designs of Viennese architects. The 1867 Compromise and the consequent formation of the Dual Monarchy put an end to Vienna’s dominance in Hungary and Croatia. After the Croatian-Hungarian Compromise of 1868, which made Croatia a semi- autonomous province within Hungary, buildings of public institutions in Croatia that were under the control of the Croatian autonomous authorities were designed almost exclusively by Croatian architects. Only technically more demanding projects were regularly entrusted to Viennese architects. On the other hand, buildings of the joint Hungaro- Croatian institutions, controlled by Budapest ministries, were designed by Hungarian architects. This complex political situation led to diversity in public architecture, which, in spite of being of Central European provenance, shows influences from various regionals centers.

Art, Politics, Architecture, 19th century, Kuno Waidmann, Herman Bollé, Janko Holjac, Janko Josip Grahor, Julius Herrmann, Daniel Fischer, Ferenc Pfaff, Ernő Foerk, Gyula Sándy

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