engleski

Influence of different tillage methods to mitigate climate change

Agricultural production or colloquially known as "industry under the open sky" is certainly influencing climate change. Recent research has shown that the conventional method of tillage, more precisely ploughing, is closely related to the negative climate impact, through a significant CO2 emission, which is released into the atmosphere. Reducing CO2 emissions can be carried out with customized soil tillage methods (conserving, minimizing or omitting), while encouraging carbon sequestration. Soil tillage is a significant agrotechnical procedure that affects the biological, chemical and physical properties of the soil. Finding the best method that will reduce the negative impact on soil, water, and air, while maintaining stable yields and preserving soil fertility, is a challenge for researchers and scientists around the world. In the 1950s, the United States began exploring the minimum soil tillage, some decades later in the 1970s in the Western European countries, soil tillage was divided into three groups: conventional, reduced and no-tillage. In Croatia, prof. Butorac ; prof. Mihalić and prof. Ţugec, begin their first research, and over the next decades, together with associates and colleagues from other institutions, they recorded opposite results, especially in terms of yield. Alternative reduced soil treatment measures include unification, combining or abandoning tillage systems with the aim of reducing processing costs and preventing further degradation. One of the alternative methods is conservation soil treatment, according to which harvest residues cover more than 30% of the soil surface. Soil coverage along with appropriate soil tillage method can mitigate climate damage and maintain the economic viability of production. The choice of any method of tillage should not be based on tradition or some general axioms, but on agroecological field characteristics and specific crop, under the condition, it provides a stable and biologically active arable layer of favorable fertility. Today conservation measures are being applied to almost 120 million hectares in the world, while in the Republic of Croatia only 15 000 ha. In the area of the City of Zagreb, there is 5000 ha of agricultural land, and with the County of Zagreb, it grows to 60 000 ha. The City of Zagreb as a major trading and transit point represents an important factor in product placement. Therefore, setting up research at the Experimental Field Šašinovec in the City of Zagreb is an adequate location that will procure the best tillage method within agroecological conditions. The variants included in the study would contain conventional tillage, conservation tillage with stubble (Gruber) and conservation tillage with deep ploughing, and each treatment combined with 3 t/ha straw and without. The study would be based on obtaining data on the physical and chemical properties of the soil and on the yield components. Investigation of a complex interaction of soil treatment and climate change should be conducted out in multiannual continuity in order to make certain conclusions with greater certainty.

soil tillage, climate change, long-term experiment

nije evidentirano