engleski

Glyphosate residues in wines and table grapes from Croatian market: In-house UPLC-MS/MS method after derivatization with FMOC-Cl

Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine ) is one of the most commonly used herbicides throughout agriculture all over the world. It is a broad- spectrum systemic herbicide and crop desiccant and acts by inhibiting specific essential plant enzyme called EPSPS (5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3- phosphate synthase). Inhibition of this enzyme prevents production of aromatic amino acids required for life mainteining protein synthesis. In 2015 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded that glyphosate is probably carcinogenic, althought all regulatory assessments have established that glyphosate has low hazard potential to mammals. In 2017 the European Commission renewed the approval of glyphosate for 5 years, but safety profile of the herbicide glyphosate and its commercial formulations is still controversial. In recent years it has been reported that traces of glyphosate have been found in wines. Therefore, 24 table grape samples and 36 wine samples were analysed for glyphosate, and results are presented in this report. The samples were cleaned by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) after derivatization with 9- fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl) and quantified by UPLC-MS/MS method to determine glyphosate residue. The glyphosate was found in 83% of analysed wine samples. Amount of glyphosate found in wine samples ranged from 0.010-0.098 mg/kg, while in none of table grape samples glyphosate was found in amounts above the quantification limit (0.010 mg/kg). In 2013 the European Commission has set a maximum residue levels (MRL) for glyphosate in table grapes and wine grapes of 0.5 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively. Although the amounts of glyphosate residues found in wine samples were far below the MRL in wine grapes, there is still a need to determine the MRL for glyphosate in wine.

Glyphosate, wine, grapes, FMOC, derivatization

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