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Site differences of cutaneous irritation in sodium lauryl sulphate irritation model

Purpose of the work: Irritant contact dermatitis induced by sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) is a model standardized and described in guidelines used for testing efficacy of various topical preparations. Guidelines suggest volar forearms as a preferred testing site, but in many trials other anatomical locations were used, most commonly upper back [1]. Skin properties vary depending on anatomic location of skin and it is possible that response to irritation could differ as well. This difference could affect the interpretation and generalizability of published trials that use this model to test effectiveness of topical treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in skins' response to irritation on different anatomical locations. Materials and methods: Young, healthy participants without history of skin diseases were included in the trial. Irritation was induced on randomly chosen volar forearm and subscapular area of upper back with 2% SLS solution applied for 24 hours under occlusion with Finn chamber in accordance with the guidelines [1]. Non-invasive bioengineering methods and clinical scoring were used to assess participants' baseline skin parameters, their changes after irritant removal and during skin recovery. All results are shown as median±interquartile range. Results: Elevated transepidermal water loss (TEWL) is an indicator of a skin barrier disruption caused by SLS but its extent was different between two anatomical locations. Upper back showed significantly higher TEWL values immediately after irritant removal compared to forearm indicating a higher skin barrier disruption. Upper back skin also presented with higher erythema index compared to forearm after irritant removal. Clinically scored erythema results were in accordance with instrumental measurements on all measuring days. Furthermore, lower hydration levels were measured on upper back compared to forearm during the recovery process. Conclusions: In conclusion, anatomical location seems to be an important factor in skins' reaction to irritation, as upper back skin showed higher barrier disruption, more pronounced erythema and dryer skin, compared to forearm.

Irritant contact dermatitis ; sodium laurylsulphate ; TEWL ; skin barrier

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