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Biomimetic zinc and magnesium substituted calcium phosphates derived from biogenic source

Biomimetic multiphase calcium phosphate (CaP) powders substituted with the zinc and magnesium ions were prepared by wet precipitation method, from biogenic source (cuttlefish bone). The synthesised as-prepared powders have been characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction analysis, Rietveld refinement studies, cell cytotoxicity and viability test. Phase transformation and ion release study were analysed at simulated physiological conditions during 7 days. The as-prepared powders were composed of calcium deficient carbonated hydroxyapatite (HAp), octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). Heat treated powders were composed of HAp, α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Along with Zn2+ and Mg2+ substitution, presence of CO32-, Sr2+ and Na+ ions was detected as result of using biogenic precursor of Ca2+ ions. Decrease of lattice parameters is evident in OCP and β-TCP phase for Zn-substitution, while for Mg-substitution in HAp, OCP and β-TCP phase. Zn2+ occupy the Ca(1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8) sites in OCP and Ca(1, 2, 3, 4) sites in β-TCP, while Mg2+ ion Ca(2) site in HAp and Ca(4, 5) sites in β-TCP.

hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate, zinc, magnesium, Rietveld refinement, biomimetic

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