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Effect of experimental parameters in the matrix solid‐phase dispersion extraction on the individual polyphenols from apple peel

Matrix solid‐phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction was invented in 1989 by Barker [1] and since than it is used for the extraction and isolation of a wide range of compounds including polyphenols from a various plant samples. However, to the best of our knowledge the use of MSPD for the extraction of polyphenols from apple peel has not been considered yet. In this study, the extract volume (1‐5 mL), amount of methanol in eluting solvent mixture (0‐100 %) and matrix/dispersant ratio 1:1‐ 1:5 (m/m) were optimized by response surface methodology in order to attain the maximum yields of catechin, epicatechin, procyanidine B1 and B2, quercetin‐3‐glucoside, quercetin‐3‐rutinoside and chlorogenic acid from freeze‐dried apple peel. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection (DAD) was used for the identification and quantification of polyphenols. The selected experimental design included seventeen experiments, which allowed evaluating the second order interactions between factors. The ANOVA of the obtained data showed that extraction volume was significant (p < 0.05) for all investigated polyphenols except procyanidine B1. For methanol in eluting solvent mixture, the linear positive (catechin, procyanidine B1, quercetin‐3‐ glucoside, quercetin‐3‐rutinoside and chlorogenic acid) and negative (procyanidine B2) effects was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant negative quadratic effect of this factor was found for all investigated polyphenols except for quercetin‐3‐ rutinoside and chlorogenic acid. The optimal conditions for the extraction were calculated by multiple response optimization that led to the following values: extraction volume of 5 mL, 61 % of methanol in eluting solvent mixture and matrix/dispersant ratio 1:4 (m/m).

MSPD ; polyphenols ; apple peel ; LC-MS

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