engleski

Protection of the City of Omiš, Croatia, from rockfall threats

The City of Omiš, is situated in the middle part of the Croatian Adriatic coast, at the mouth of the Cetina River in the toe of high limestone cliffs and it is very exposed to high rockfall hazards. The old center of the City of Omiš was threatened by numerous rockfalls in the past that caused significant damages at residential structures and infrastructure. During the last decades several designs of rockfall protection structures were conducted, followed by installation of protection structures from 2016 to 2018. During the final design phase in 2016, the detailed field investigation was carried out using field and remote sensing methods to identify rockfall sources as well as endangered zones of the city. Based on field investigation data, 2D and 3D numerical modelling and rockfall simulations were performed to define adequate rockfall protection structures and their locations at the slope. Installed stabilization and protection structures (protection wire fences, wire meshes reinforced by steel ropes and rockbolts, and rockfall barriers) represent the first stage of mitigation measures, while the rockfall risk originating from rockfalls sources in upper parts of the slope should be mitigated in the future. In this paper the methods of field and remote sensing investigation of the slopes, identification of rockfall sources, modelling and simulation of rockfall propagation, as well as selection of protection measures and their positions at the slope above the City of Omiš will be presented. The necessity of further mitigation measures from possible rockfalls that can detach from the upper parts of the slope will be explained based on identified rockfall sources and carried out 3D simulations of rockfall propagation.

rockfall, rockfall hazard, modelling, rockfall protection, rockfall barriers

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