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PERIODONTITIS AS MANIFESTATION OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE

INTRODUCTION: Periodontitis and diabetes are chronic diseases with high incidence in the population (diabetes 1% and periodontitis 14%). Periodontitis is defined as inflammation of the whole periodontium, it affects all periodontal structures. In time, if periodontitis isn't treated right, the tooth lost its connection within the alveolar bone and eventually, the only therapy option is extraction. CASE REPORT: Female student, 21 years old, suffers from diabetes mellitus type I since she was twelve. She uses insulin therapy. In a time of final exams, due to high-stress levels, she got increased glucose levels in the blood. Four weeks after, she comes to the dental office because of the bleeding during the toothbrushing and pain sensations during the chewing. She filled the WHO standardized question mark and talked to dental medicine doctor to complete her general and dental anamnesis. Afterward, she underwent full oral cavity examination and radiological evaluation. She was diagnosed with periodontitis as a manifestation of diabetes mellitus. The patient was informed about the treatment protocol and agreed to do supragingival and subgingival root planing and scaling. Mechanical removal of debridement was done by ultrasonic and hand instruments. Also, she was informed about the importance of appropriate oral hygiene. Recall and reevaluation are arranged in 3 months. CONCLUSION: In the present case report, we describe the association of diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease in 21 years old student. It is known that diabetes mellitus and other systemic diseases can cause periodontal disease because they can interfere with host resistance to infection. As it was mentioned before, there is a continuous increase in the prevalence of periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus, so it is of high importance to educate and inform patients about association and mechanisms of control them both.

periodontitis, diabetes mellitus, periodontal health, gums, periodontal therapy

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