engleski

Attempts and failures of urbanization of the communist city visible in the regulatory basis of the city of Zagreb

The experience of the World War II, the end of the war and the establishment of the communist system have profoundly changed Croatia (Yugoslavia) and Croatian society, changes were visible in all segments of society, and thus also in the development of architecture and urbanism. In Croatia, changes are most noticeable in the capital city of Zagreb which experienced a demographic explosion after the World War II due to the impoverishment of villages, deruralization and intensive industrialization. The population of Zagreb grew from around 270, 000 in 1946 to 629, 000 in 1971, and reached 777, 000 inhabitants in 1991. The population growth was more or less successfully followed by the urban and constructional development of the city, which, at the same time, had to respond to modernization, artistic and ideological requirements. These requirements, which frequently overlapped, are set out in the proposals of the regulatory basis of the City of Zagreb. There have been several proposals for the regulatory basis. The first proposal came from Vlado Antolić, head of the Zagreb City Planning Office, in 1949, Antolić was also the author of the second proposal from 1953. The urbanization program under the leadership of Zdenko Kolaci was announced in 1963, it was the first program for the development of Zagreb after the World War II which was adopted by the City. However, its level was lower than the level of the regulatory basis, i.e. lower than the general urbanization plan. The first general urbanization plan of socialist Zagreb was adopted in 1971, and it was created under the leadership of Josip Uhlik, the second urbanization plan which was administrated by Slavko Dakić was adopted in 1986. The goal of the suggested regulatory bases and the accepted regulatory bases was to modernize Zagreb and prepare it for a population growth to 1 million. The presentation on the conference will try to show and explain how successful were these regulatory bases in their realization, how they changed the face of Zagreb and to what extant they had to adjust to the “socialist reality”.

Yugoslavia ; Zagreb ; Communism ; Urban planing ; Regulatory bases

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