engleski

SPATIAL PLANNING AND REAL ESTATE IN THE 18TH CENTURY – THE CASE STUDY OF EASTERN CROATIA

Acquisition of real estate is known to be related to the role of the state, i.e. to the socio-political organization of the state through the determination of the legal and economic framework while the establishment of settlements is related to spatial planning. Scientific literature has neglected interdisciplinary historical research (especially in south-eastern Europe) on real estate in the way to link spatial planning / regulation of villages and acquisition of real estate through land development and the effects on the economy. Therefore, the subject of this paper is the research on the connection between state planning, private property acquisition and regulation of villages in eastern Croatia during the 18th century, part of the Habsburg Monarchy at the time. Following the signing of the 1699 Peace Treaty of Srijemski Karlovci, signed by representatives of the Holy League (Habsburg Monarchy, Venetian Republic, Poland, Russia) and the Ottoman Empire, preconditions for the economic development of eastern Croatia were created. A fact not to be neglected is that much of the area at that time was under forests, flooded land, swamps and pastures. The goal of the Monarchy was to populate the war-torn area with the population grouped into compact settlements (instead of scattered ones) that would engage in agriculture, forestry and fishing, as well as serve as soldiers when needed. It is safe to say that ambitious projections of the future were made at that time, in which all land should have been put to use to a maximum and in a transparent manner. What followed was a transformation of space through the process of population, building of settlements and acquisition of real estate. Experts from different professions (surveyors, hydro-technicians, builders, lawyers, etc.) were engaged in such a big venture. Eastern Croatia had thus been populated by Hungarians, Slovaks, Czechs, Serbs, some Italians, the local population and others. Maps produced during the First Military Survey from 1781 to 1783 already show formed - grouped settlements. With the ambitious state plan, eastern Croatia began to export wood and surplus agricultural products during the 19th century.

Croatia, historical view of land management, spatial planning, planned villages, spatial structure of villages, spatial identity

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