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Trials and errors in immunohistochemistry: Unmasking of SGLT1 in porcine small intestine

One of the most common application of immunostaining is immunohistochemistry (IHC), a technique that can visualize cellular components in tissue samples. The IHC technique was first introduced during the 1940s and since then is regularly used in science and diagnostics. The technique is based on detecting antigens in/on cells of a tissue section by following the rule that a primary antibody will bind specifically to an antigen. Although fixation is essential for preservation of tissue morphology, it can also change protein biochemistry by masking the epitope of interest so that it can no longer bind to the primary antibody. Antigen retrieval method refers to any technique which unmasks an epitope applied for epitope-antibody binding restoration. Two primary methods of antigen retrieval are either enzymatic induced epitope retrieval or heat mediated epitope retrieval. The aim of this study was to find the optimal antigen retrieval method, primary antibody and dilution for exposing sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) in porcine duodenum, jejunum and ileum.

SGLT1 ; porcine small intestine ; immunohistochemistry ; antigen retrieval methods

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