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The Unconscious of Democracy: Ideological hegemony and nationalism in post-socialist Croatia

This paper analyses the struggles at the terrain of ideology in Croatia in the context of the crisis and decay of the Yugoslav socialist federation. In particular, it exposes the tension between liberalism and nationalism, and the role that the latter plays in the constitution of ideological hegemony. The key to the understanding of the power of nationalist discourses seems to reside in their ability to play a transversal function – to articulate a plurality of different political demands and popular discontents. What is interesting to note in this sense is the overdetermination of the signifier of ‘democracy’ in Croatia in the early nineties, which truly functioned as an ‘empty signifier’ in the Laclauian sense – a signifier providing a contradictory universal representation, while also establishing a boundary between what is political and what is not.

ideology, democracy, liberalism, nationalism, break-up of Yugoslavia, Croatia

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