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Phytochemical profiling of fresh and air-dried Codium bursa (Olivi) C. Agardh: headspace compounds, volatiles and semi-volatiles

Phytochemical composition of C. bursa was determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), hydrodistillation (HD) and supercritical (SC) CO2 extraction. The obtained isolates were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC- MS). The major, predominant, headspace compound of fresh C. bursa was dimethyl sulphide (DMS). It has long been recognized that algae play a highly significant role in the global biogeochemical cycles of sulfur. The chemical composition of the headspace of dried C. bursa (HS-D) was remarkably different. Namely, the major headspace compound from fresh C. bursa DMS was present in dried sample only as minor constituent. On the other hand, the percentage of heptadecane raised in HS-D, probably as the consequence of DMS loss. The distillate of fresh C. bursa contained as the major compounds higher saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons heptadecane and docosane. After air-drying of C. bursa, significantly different chemical composition of the essential oil was obtained with (E)-phytol predominance that probably originated after chlorophyll, breakdown.The major compound of SC-CO2 extract was (E)-phytol accompanied by structurally related neophytadiene. Monoterpenoid hydroxylactone loliolide (3.5%) was only identified in SC-CO2 extract. Among green alage, previously it was found in Codium divaricatum (He et al., 2010). Despite simple structure it was reported previously that loliolide shows a broad spectrum of biological activity (1, 2): germination inhibitory activity, anti-repellent activity, immunosuppressive activity.

Codium bursa (Olivi) C. Agardh, headspace solid-phase microextraction, hydrodistillation, supercritical CO2 extraction

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