engleski

Elemental content and strontium isotope characterisation of Slovenian wine

Slovenia has 15, 800 hectares of vineyard area divided into three major grape-growing regions, Podravje, Posavje and Primorska, which are further divided into 9 sub-regions. The composition of wine is influenced by the characteristics of the geographical areas, such as grape variety, soil and climate, as well as winemaking process and wine storage. The elemental compositions of wine as well as the isotopic compositions of each element may be influenced by several process ; the uptake of minerals from soil, which can be of both natural and anthropogenic origin (i.e.the use of fertilizers and pesticides), and by the winemaking processes, such as the use of various additives. In this work the first data on the characterisation of the Slovenian wines will be presented. Namely, the results of multi-elemental and Sr isotope compositions determined in wines from three main Slovenian wine production regions. Two wine grape varieties were analysed ; white wine, the Pinot (gris or/and blanc), and the red wine, Merlot. The aim was to evaluate the differences in elemental composition and Sr isotope ratio of the same wine variety growing in different regions in order to find the characteristic tracers for the investigated wine production areas. Major and trace elements, rare earth elements and 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio were determined in total of 10 wine samples from Podravje (Štajerska sub-region), Posavje (Bizeljsko-Sremič sub-region) and Primorska (Goriška brda, Slovenian Istria and Vipavska valley sub-regions). Cr was elevated in wine samples from Primorska region, most probably as a consequence of the flysch bedrock that is rich in Cr, and was an important discriminator for the wines from Primorska region. The 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio ranged from 0.708715 to 0.71420, with the highest values found in the Podravje region, which was therefore the important discriminator for this region. The results of this study revealed that, although Slovenia is a small country, its geological heterogeneity and various types of bedrocks found on approx. 20.000 km2 result in different mineral composition and 87Sr/86Sr signatures. The results of the present study confirm that by the use of multi-elemental and Sr isotope ration analysis combined with the statistical analysis it is possible to find characteristic tracers for the different wine production regions, even though they are not far away between each other.

elements ; strontium isotopes ; wine ; Slovenia

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