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Impact of biofilm on the resistance characteristics and nominal wake

Numerical assessment of the impact of biofilm on the resistance characteristics and nominal wake is carried out within this study. Therefore, roughness function models are implemented within the wall function of the commercial software package. Extensive verification study, as well as the estimation of numerical uncertainties in the prediction of the resistance characteristics and nominal wake are made. Furthermore, numerical uncertainties in the prediction of the change in resistance characteristics and nominal wake are assessed as well. Thereafter, validation study is carried out by comparing the obtained increases in the frictional and total resistance with the increases obtained using Granville similarity law scaling method. The significant impact of biofilm on the resistance characteristics as well as nominal wake is noted. Thus, total and frictional resistance increase due to the presence of biofilm, while wave resistance decreases, contradicting the classical methods, that consider only frictional resistance is affected due to the presence of roughness. Furthermore, nominal wake coefficient is increased due to the presence of biofilm, which causes slowdown of the flow.

CFD ; biofilm ; resistance characteristics ; nominal wake ; container ship ; bulk carrier

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