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Contribution to Research of Architecture and Education in Croatia (1918–2018)

The education of architects in Croatia dates back to 1919 when the Polytechnic was established in Zagreb. The name of the institution gradually changed to Technical Faculty of the University of Zagreb, to Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy and Faculty of Architecture (since 1962). By 1941 there had been only 18 female graduates (10%) from the Architectural Department. Early post- war years saw the change of power and socio-economic system in Croatia, with intense attempts to the general modernisation of the country. These years were marked by the encouragement of social and gender equality, and the predominantly “male studies” started have begun to lose this attribute with the process of gradual gender segregation. Today, the ratio between male and female students is 40% to 60% in favour of female students, which is the opposite to the ratio of the Sixties. However, only a few female architects managed to gain recognition in the professional arena even in the late Twentieth century. Women, female architects, lecturers, educators in a challenging field of spatial development and planning were not active within the architectural studies in Zagreb before 1946. Today, women represent 40% of teachers, which is inversely proportional to the gender ratio among architecture students. All female research and teaching assistants were employed as fully formed young architects or exceptional students of the Faculty of Architecture in Zagreb. Only a few of them reached highest administrative bodies of the Faculty, presenting well long way ahead in gender equality. At the Department of architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Zagreb (1926–42), there were no female graduates. In recent years studies of architecture are offered in Split and Osijek, as well, presenting new possibilities and decentralisation in architectural education. Furthermore, in recent years more young people are orientated to studies and work abroad (through Erasmus + programme or others), which is opening new possibilities. Master and Doctoral thesis and researches within post-graduate studies are further enriching possibilities within united European Union.

architectural education, female students in Croatia, gender segregation, statistics

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